نئوکلاسیک ها و سوسیالیستها: علیه بازار و لیبرالیزم اقتصادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

تهران خیابان شهید بهشتی دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

 
اگرچه نئوکلاسیک ها  ظاهراً بر یک اقتصاد آزاد رقابتی مبتنی بر مالکیت خصوصی و محدودیت دولت تأکید و مدل اقتصادی خود را برای تخصیص منابع کارآمدتر و برتر از راه حل های سوسیالیستی معرفی می کنند؛ اما در عمل با تأکید بر مدل های ریاضی تعادلی به­صورت دترمینیستیک به همان راه حلی می­رسند که از طریق سوسیالیزم قابل تحقق است. در حقیقت در هردو، به جای آزادی عمل افراد در فرایند بازار، بر نقطه تعادلی و شرایط مشابه برابری قیمت با هزینه نهایی تأکید می شود. نئوکلاسیک ها برابری قیمت و هزینه نهایی را به صورت غیر واقعی و فرضی در نظر می گیرند و سوسیالیست های بازاری از طریق دستور به مدیران شرکت­ها، این برابری را بر قرار می سازند. نتیجه عملی هر دو رویکرد، بی توجهی به ماهیت اقتصاد آزاد و نقش کارآفرینی در فرایند بازاری است. در حقیقت، عملاً نئوکلاسیک ها و سوسیالیست ها رویکردی را دنبال می­کنند که نتیجه آن، مخالفت با لیبرالیزم و آزادی اقتصادی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Neoclassical and Socialist Economics: Against Market and Economic Liberalism

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammadgholi Yousefi
چکیده [English]

 
Although it appears that neoclassical economics support competitive markets, private property, and limited government and oppose socialism, in practice, however, by emphasizing on mathematical models and static equilibrium in a deterministic way, reach the same conclusion which can be achieved by socialism. In fact, both approaches instead of advocating free operation of economic agents and market process concentrate on equilibrium point and equality of price and marginal cost. Neoclassicals assume the equality of marginal cost and price unrealistic, and market socialists make such equality by giving orders to firms’ managers.  The practical conclusion of both approaches is to disregard the nature of economic liberalism and role of entrepreneurship in market process. Therefore, we can conclude that neoclassical and socialist approaches oppose liberalism and economic freedom.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Neoclassical
  • Market Socialism
  • entrepreneurship
  • Mathematical Models
  • Information

مراجع

 
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